Yearbook 2011
Malaysia. According to Countryaah official site, the government coalition that has ruled Malaysia since independence in 1957 won in the regional elections held in the state of Sarawak on Borneo in April. But most ethnic Chinese – a large minority – voted for the opposition, just as in the national election of 2008. The ethnic minorities’ large support for the opposition then prompted the government to promulgate changes in regulations that favor ethnic Malays, but not much had happened. Visit ABBREVIATIONFINDER for the acronym of MYS that stands for the country of Malaysia.
Prime Minister Najib Razak pledged in November to change the exception laws that have been in place for decades and that make it possible to keep people incarcerated without trial. A ban for students to engage politically would also be abolished. The opposition accused the government of making false promises to strengthen its position and then announce new elections.
The trial of opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim ended in December, after nearly two years. They were expected after New Year. In August, the defendant himself had to speak for the first time, and he then read for over an hour from a written text. Anwar dismissed all allegations of gay relationships, calling it “a vicious and desperate attempt at character assassination”. The charge was sparked after the 2008 election, when Anwar made an opposition alliance that made great progress, however, without defeating the government coalition that has led the country since 1957. Homosexuality is prohibited in Malaysia and can be punishable by up to 20 years in prison.
In an effort to combat obesity and obesity, the government decided that students’ body weight index (BMI) should be reported in the grades. The teachers will have to measure the length and weight of the students to calculate the index. According to the Ministry of Health, Malaysia has the highest proportion of overweight in Southeast Asia.
The Conservative Alliance Party had ruled the country by a large majority since independence in 1957, but by the election of 69, it lost ground to the Islamic Party and the Democratic Action Party, which was predominantly Chinese and Gerakan. Parliament was disbanded and for the next two years the country was ruled by a National Operations Council.
Although the Malay constituted half of the population in 1970, they accounted for only 1% of economic activity, which was the reason for considerable dissatisfaction. Therefore, a New Economic Policy was formulated which aimed at the Malay and other bumiputeras – sons of the earth and indigenous peoples – in 1990 accounting for 30% of economic activity and reducing the share of foreign capital in economic activity to 30 %. This economic policy was followed for the next two decades. The state-owned companies representing bumiputeras acquired shares in British companies, mining companies and entered into joint ventures with foreign multinational companies. BumiputerasIn this way, participation in the economy reached 20% in 89, while foreign capital was reduced to less than 40%. But at the same time, there are often protests from the Chinese population that it is being discriminated against in the labor market, in the education system and in economic activities. In June 1991, Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad proposed in Parliament a new National Development Project to stimulate the private sector. The project favors foreign investment with the goal of raising living standards among all the ethnic groups in the country.
At the political level, the communist uprising gradually disintegrated, despite a brief surge in the mid-1970s. The MCP had established bases in the border area against Thailand, and from there took action, but in 77 the Thai and Malaysian military jointly carried out purification operations in the area, thus crushing the last remnants of the MCP.
In 1981, Mahathir bin Mohamad was appointed prime minister and embarked on a comprehensive industrialization program. In the late 1980s, he faced increasing problems with the leadership of the UMNO – the largest coalition party. His opponents formed a new opposition party, Semangat 46, which in 1990 created a broad opposition coalition consisting of the Islamic PAS, the Democratic Action Party and the small left-wing People’s Party.
The Internal Security Act, which is still in force, allows detainees to be detained for up to 2 years without any legal action being taken against them. During Mahathir’s reign in the 1980s, the number of political prisoners was reduced from 1,000 to a few hundred, but in 87, 150 people were arrested – including opposition leaders and social organizations. In 88, the judgment chairman and three other judges of the Supreme Court replaced by a conflict between the judicial and executive power. Sectors within the opposition and the legal stand criticized the government for threatening the independence of the judiciary. The press and public meetings are also subject to prior censorship.
After independence, Malaysia settled on a strong, pro-national foreign policy line, but in the 1980s it became more Third World oriented. In 90, Kuala Lumpur hosted the opening conference in 15 countries. consists of India, Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico, Venezuela, Tanzania and Senegal. The group aims to promote concrete south-south cooperation projects. It also played a prominent role in the South Commission and also supported the PLO and ANC in their nationalist and anti-racist struggles. Mahathir, therefore, emerged in the early 90s as a leader working for the Third World cause.
Malaysia is the world’s largest exporter of tropical wood. A product that is increasingly in demand by the industrialized countries – especially Japan. In 89, Malaysia exported wood worth $ 2.6 billion. More than 80% of the exported wood comes from Sarawak and Sabah on Borneo. Every year 5,000 km 2 of rainforest is cleared to meet the needs of export markets.